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- T

TABLET - A small flat slab or surface of stone">stone especially one bearing or intended to bear an inscription.

TEMPLATE - A pattern for repetitive marking or for a fabrication operation.

TERRAZZO - A type of concrete in which chips or pieces of stone">stone, usually marble, are mixed with cement and are ground to a flat surface after setting, exposing the chips which take a high polish.

TEXTURE - Three dimensional surface enrichment independent of color.

TOLERANCE - Dimensional allowance made for the inability of men and machines to fabricate a product of exact dimensions.

TRACERY - Curvilinear mullions or openwork on windows, window heads, stone">stone panels, etc.

TRAVERTINE MARBLE - A variety of limestone">stone regarded as a product of chemical precipitation from hot springs. Travertine is cellular with the cells usually concentrated in thin layers that display a stalactitic structure. Some that take a polish are sold as marble, and may be classified as travertine marble under the class of "Commercial Marble."

TREAD - A flat stone">stone used as the top walking surface on a step.

TRIGLYPH - A projecting rectangular block used in series in a classical Doric frieze, distinguished by three vertical bands separated by shallow V-shaped grooves. Triglyphs alternate with plain or sculpted panels (metopes).

TRIM - stone">stone used as decorative items only, such as sills, coping, enframements, etc., with the facing of another material.

TRIMMER ARCH - A stone">stone arch, usually almost flat, used for supporting a fireplace hearth.

TUFF - Cemented volcanic ash; many varieties included.

- U

UNDERCUT- Cut so as to present an overhanging part.

- V

VAULT - An arched roof supported on its edges and reinforced, when necessary, by ribs.

VENEER stone">stone - Any stone">stone used as a decorative facing material which is not meant to be load bearing.

VERDE ANTIQUE - A marble composed chiefly of massive serpentine and capable of being polished. It is commonly crossed by veinlets of other minerals, chiefly carbonates of calcium and magnesium.

VOUSSOIR - Wedge-shaped stone">stone components of a masonry arch, carefully formed to support each other when in position.

VUG - A cavity in rock; sometimes lined or filled with either amorphous or crystalline material; common in calcereous rocks such as marble or limestone">stone.
 
- W

WALL PLATE - A horizontal member anchored to a masonry wall to which other structural elements may be attached; also called head plate.

WALLS -
Bearing - A wall supporting a vertical load in addition to its own weight.

Cavity - A wall in which the inner and outer wythes are separated by an air space, but united by metal ties.

Composite - A wall in which the facing and backing are of different materials but which are united together with bond stone">stones to exert a common reaction under load.

Veneer or Faced - A wall in which a thin facing and a backing are of different materials, but not so bonded as to exert a common reaction under load.

WALL TIE - A bonder or metal piece which connects wythes of masonry to each other or to other materials.

WALL TIE, CAVITY - A rigid, corrosion-resistant metal tie which bonds two wythes of a cavity wall. It is usually steel, 3/16" in diameter, and formed in a "Z" shape or a rectangle.

WARPED - Generally a condition experienced only in flagging or flagstone">stone materials; very common with flagstone">stone materials that are taken from the ground and used in their natural state. To eliminate warping in such stone">stones, it would be necessary to further finish the material, whether by machining, sand rubbing, honing, or polishing.

WASH - A sloped area or the area water will run over.

WATER BAR - Typically a strip in the bottom of a door sill serving as a baffle to the entrance of water.

WATER TABLE - A projection of lower masonry on the outside of the wall slightly above the ground. Often a damp course is placed at the level of the water table to prevent upward penetration of ground water.

WAXING - An expression used in the marble finishing trade to indicate the filling of natural voids with color blended material.

WEDGING - Splitting of stone">stone by driving wedges into planes of weakness.

WEEP HOLES - Openings placed in mortar joints of facing material at the level of flashing to permit the escape of moisture.

WIND - (Wined) - A twisting warp from cutting slabs in the gang saws.

WIRE SAW - A method of cutting stone">stone by passing a twisted, multi-strand wire across the stone">stone, and immersing the wire in a slurry of abrasive material.

WYTHE - The inner or outer part of a cavity wall.

source: Building stone">stone Institute